Which of the following is NOT one of Thurstone's primary mental abilities?

Thurstone's primary mental abilities model identifies several specific cognitive abilities that contribute to overall intelligence. These abilities include reasoning, associative memory, and numerical ability, among others.

Creativity, however, is not classified as one of Thurstone's primary mental abilities. Thurstone's focus was more on measurable cognitive skills, which are quantifiable through standardized testing, rather than more abstract concepts like creativity, which doesn't fit neatly into his framework of specific, distinct mental abilities. Creativity encompasses divergent thinking and the ability to generate novel ideas, which diverges from the more structured categorizations found in Thurstone's theory.